Could not Fast Refresh React Origin: On your device Last updated 12 Oct 2026

[vite] hmr invalidate … Could not Fast Refresh. Export is incompatible.

Fast Refresh fell back to a full reload because the file exports non-components alongside components.

Exact message you may see Could not Fast RefreshFast refresh only works when a file only exports components
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Seen on: React

Meaning

Fast Refresh only works when a file exports React components. Exporting constants, hooks or context from the same file forces a reload (eslint-plugin-react-refresh warns about it).

Common causes

  • File exports a component and a constant/hook/context
  • Anonymous default export
  • Class components

⚡ Quick fix

  1. Move non-component exports to separate files
  2. Name components (export default function Card())

Detailed fix by platform

React

  1. Split UserContext and useUser into their own module next to the component

How to diagnose

  1. Exports — What else does the file export?
  2. Recent change — Did it start after a deploy, upgrade, or configuration change? Compare with the last working version.

🔧 Still not fixed?

Many errors look alike. If the steps above didn’t solve it, one of these is probably what you’re facing:

Where this error sits

Origin: On your device. Errors that are often confused with or caused by this one (click to open):

Adjacent JSX elements — Adjacent JSX elements must be wrapped in an enclosing tag. Did you want a JSX fragment <>...</>? (React)Adjacent JSX elementscomponentWillMount renamed — Warning: componentWillMount has been renamed, and is not recommended for use. (React)componentWillMount re…not wrapped in act — Warning: An update to Component inside a test was not wrapped in act(...) (React)not wrapped in actsetState during render — Warning: Cannot update a component (`Parent`) while rendering a different component (`Child`) (React)setState during renderTarget container is not a DOM element — Error: createRoot(...): Target container is not a DOM element. (React)Target container is n…Unable to find an element — TestingLibraryElementError: Unable to find an element with the text: x (React)Unable to find an ele…uncontrolled to controlled — Warning: A component is changing an uncontrolled input to be controlled (React)uncontrolled to contr…Vite failed to resolve import — [vite] Internal server error: Failed to resolve import "x" from "src/App.jsx". Does the file exist? (React)Vite failed to resolv…Could not…

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