Cleartext HTTP traffic not permitted Flutter / Dart Origin: On your device OSI layer 7 · Application Last updated 4 Nov 2026

Flutter (Android): java.io.IOException: Cleartext HTTP traffic to api.example.com not permitted

Android 9+ blocks plain http:// requests by default; the app must use HTTPS or explicitly allow cleartext for that host.

Exact message you may see Cleartext HTTP traffic to not permittedjava.io.IOException: Cleartext HTTP traffic not permittedCLEARTEXT communication to not permitted by network security policy
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Seen on: Flutter Android

Meaning

Network security config prohibits cleartext since API 28. Prefer switching the API to HTTPS. For development servers, add a network_security_config.xml allowing cleartext for specific domains, or android:usesCleartextTraffic="true" for debug only.

Common causes

  • Calling an http:// URL on Android 9+
  • Local dev server over HTTP
  • Redirect from HTTPS to HTTP
  • WebView loading http content
  • Release build using debug-only manifest

⚡ Quick fix

  1. Use HTTPS endpoints
  2. For dev add android:usesCleartextTraffic="true" in a debug manifest or a domain-specific config
  3. Never allow cleartext globally in release

Detailed fix by platform

Android

  1. android/app/src/debug/AndroidManifest.xml: <application android:usesCleartextTraffic="true" tools:replace="android:usesCleartextTraffic"/>

How to diagnose

  1. URL — http or https?
  2. Build — Debug only?
  3. Host — Specific domain config?

🔧 Still not fixed?

Many errors look alike. If the steps above didn’t solve it, one of these is probably what you’re facing:

Where this error sits

Origin: On your device. Errors that are often confused with or caused by this one (click to open):

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