Error map
Illegal arguments: undefined, string bcrypt error: Illegal arguments: undefined, string / data and salt arguments required / data and hash arguments required
Authentication · layer 4, Application & API
Centre: this error. First ring: errors it is linked with (12). Outer ring: what those are linked with. Colours show the layer of a request each error belongs to. Click any dot to re-centre the map on it; hover to follow its connections. The centre dot opens the error page.
Directly related (12)
Keycloak: invalid_grant — Account is not fully set up
The user has pending required actions (verify email, update password, configure OTP), so non-interactive token requests (password…
AWS Cognito: NotAuthorizedException: Incorrect username or password
Cognito rejected the sign-in — wrong credentials, a disabled user, an auth flow not enabled on the app client, or an expired refr…
Two-factor (TOTP) code invalid / Invalid verification code (authenticator app time drift)
The 6-digit authenticator code is rejected — usually because the phone’s or server’s clock is off, or the secret was enrolled twi…
WebAuthn / Passkeys: NotAllowedError: The operation either timed out or was not allowed
The browser refused the passkey/WebAuthn ceremony — the user cancelled, it timed out, no matching credential, or the call wasn’t…
Passport.js: Error: Failed to serialize user into session
Passport logged a user in but there’s no serializeUser function (or it didn’t call done), so the session can’t store the user.
AADSTS50055: The password is expired
The user’s password expired under the tenant/on-prem password policy and must be changed before signing in.
AWS Cognito: NotAuthorizedException: Unable to verify secret hash for client x
The app client has a client secret, so every request needs a SECRET_HASH — and it’s missing or computed wrongly.
Supabase Auth: AuthApiError: Email not confirmed
The account exists, but email confirmation is enabled and the user hasn’t clicked the confirmation link.
SAML: Invalid SAML response — signature validation failed / audience mismatch / response expired (NotOnOrAfter)
The service provider rejected the IdP’s SAML assertion — wrong certificate, Audience/Entity ID mismatch, ACS URL mismatch, or clo…
API Error: Missing required parameter (parameter_missing / "x" is required)
The API rejected the request because a field it requires — in the query string, path, headers or JSON body — wasn’t sent or was e…
WebAuthn: SecurityError: The relying party ID is not a registrable domain suffix of, nor equal to the current domain
The rp.id in the WebAuthn options doesn’t match the page’s domain (or a parent domain), so the browser rejects it.
Supabase Auth: AuthApiError: Invalid login credentials
Supabase rejected the email/password — wrong password, no such user, or the user signed up via OAuth/magic link without a passwor…
Two steps away (27)
OAuth 2.0 Error: invalid_grant
The authorization code, refresh token or credentials sent to the token endpoint are invalid, expired, already used or were issued…
passwd: Authentication token manipulation error
passwd couldn’t update the password — the root filesystem is read-only, /etc/shadow has wrong permissions/attributes, or a PAM ru…
Failed to connect to bus: No such file or directory (systemctl --user / timedatectl)
The command needs the D-Bus/systemd bus, which isn’t available in this session — common over su, sudo -u, cron, containers or WSL.
Git: Permission denied (publickey). fatal: Could not read from remote repository.
SSH authentication to GitHub/GitLab/Bitbucket failed — no key, wrong key, or the key isn’t added to your account.
Azure AD (Entra ID): AADSTS700016 Application not found in the directory
The client ID in your sign-in request doesn’t exist in the tenant you’re authenticating against.
HTTP 401 Unauthorized
The request has no valid authentication credentials — you need to log in or send a valid token.
Azure AD (Entra ID): AADSTS50076 / AADSTS50079 — multi-factor authentication required
A Conditional Access policy requires MFA, but the sign-in flow (often a script, legacy client or ROPC password grant) can’t compl…
NotBeforeError: jwt not active (nbf claim in the future)
The token’s nbf (not before) time is in the future for the verifying server — usually clock skew between servers.
AWS Cognito: UserNotConfirmedException: User is not confirmed.
The user signed up but hasn’t confirmed their account (email/SMS code), so Cognito won’t let them sign in.
OAuth 2.0 Error: access_denied (The user or authorization server denied the request)
The authorization request was refused — the user clicked Cancel/Deny on the consent screen, or a policy denied access.
Firebase Auth: auth/invalid-credential (auth/wrong-password, auth/user-not-found, auth/invalid-login-credentials)
Firebase rejected the email/password sign-in — wrong password, no such user, or a provider credential that’s malformed/expired.
AWS: ExpiredToken — The security token included in the request is expired
Temporary AWS credentials (STS/SSO/assumed role) have expired.
Warning: session_start(): Session cannot be started after headers have already been sent
session_start() ran after output was sent, so PHP can’t set the session cookie.
InvalidOperationException: Session has not been configured for this application or request
Code used HttpContext.Session, but session services/middleware aren’t registered — or UseSession runs after the endpoint that nee…
AADSTS50126: Error validating credentials due to invalid username or password
Microsoft Entra ID (Azure AD) rejected the sign-in because the username or password is wrong — or the flow can’t use passwords fo…
AADSTS50020: User account from identity provider does not exist in tenant and cannot access the application
The signed-in user belongs to another tenant (or is a personal Microsoft account) and isn’t a guest in the app’s tenant.
AADSTS65001: The user or administrator has not consented to use the application
The app needs permissions that haven’t been granted for this user or tenant.
OAuth 2.0 Error: invalid_client
The OAuth server couldn’t authenticate your application — wrong client ID/secret, wrong auth method, or the client doesn’t exist…
{"message":"Missing Authentication Token"} / No authorization token was found
The request reached a protected endpoint without credentials — or, on AWS API Gateway, it hit a path/method that doesn’t exist.
Firebase Auth: auth/network-request-failed — A network AuthError (such as timeout, interrupted connection or unreachable host) has occurred
The Firebase Auth SDK couldn’t reach Google’s servers — offline, blocked by an extension/firewall, or (on Android emulators) miss…
Kerberos: Clock skew too great (KRB_AP_ERR_SKEW)
The client’s clock differs from the domain controller’s by more than 5 minutes, so Kerberos tickets are rejected.
HTTP 400 Bad Request
The server could not understand the request because its syntax, headers or body are malformed or invalid.
HTTP 415 Unsupported Media Type
The server refuses the request because the body’s Content-Type isn’t one it accepts.
HTTP 422 Unprocessable Content
The request is well-formed, but the data fails validation (e.g. invalid email, missing required field).
JWT Expired / Invalid Token
The JSON Web Token sent with the request is expired, malformed or signed with a different key, so the API rejects it (usually wit…
invalid_token: The access token is invalid (JsonWebTokenError: invalid signature / jwt malformed)
A token was sent but the server couldn’t verify it — bad signature, malformed, revoked, or issued for another audience or environ…
JsonWebTokenError: jwt must be provided
jwt.verify() was called with an empty value — the token never reached the server code.
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